Polarisation observations of H2O JK-1 K1 = 532 − 441 620.701 GHz maser emission with Herschel/HIFI in Orion KL ⋆⋆⋆

Context. The high intensities and narrow bandwidths exhibited by some astronomical masers make them ideal tools for studying star-forming giant molecular clouds. The water maser transition JK−1K1 = 532−441 at 620.701 GHz can only be observed from above Earth’s strongly absorbing atmosphere; its emission has recently been detected from space. Aims. We sought to further characterize the star-forming environment of Orion KL by investigating the linear polarisation of a source emitting a narrow 620.701 GHz maser feature with the heterodyne spectrometer HIFI on board the Herschel Space Observatory. Methods. High-resolution spectral datasets were collected over a thirteen month period beginning in 2011 March, to establish not only the linear polarisation but also the temporal variability of the source. Results. Within a 3σ uncertainty, no polarisation was detected to an upper limit of approximately 2%. These results are compared with coeval linear polarisation measurements of the 22.235 GHz JK−1 K1 = 616−523 maser line from the Effelsberg 100-m radio telescope, typically a much stronger maser transition. Although strongly polarised emission is observed for one component of the 22.235 GHz maser at 7.2 km s−1, a weaker component at the same velocity as the 620.701 GHz maser at 11.7 km s−1 is much less polarised.